It is a common condition among children and young people and is often misunderstood. This condition, in which a child has difficulty speaking in certain social environments, is characterised by children who can speak comfortably at home or in their immediate surroundings, but remain silent in environments such as school. Although this problem is often confused with shyness, it is actually related to a much deeper problem.
What are the Symptoms of Selective Mutism?
Symptoms include the child being completely silent in certain settings, experiencing marked anxiety in social situations and appearing to have lost the ability to speak. One of the most common symptoms of this condition is that a child who can speak comfortably at home is unable to communicate at school or with strangers. This may negatively affect the child's social relationships and academic success.
At what age does selective mutism begin?
It usually starts between the ages of 2 and 4 and the first symptoms are usually recognised when the child starts kindergarten. Children become increasingly quiet in social situations and this becomes more and more persistent. Early intervention is very important for children in this age group.
Does Selective Mutism Spontaneously Pass?
This condition usually does not go away on its own and requires professional intervention. Left untreated, the child's social development can be severely affected. With therapies and family support, the child's anxiety level can be reduced and the child can feel more comfortable in social environments.
How is Selective Mutism Treatment Performed?
Therapies aimed at reducing the anxiety level of the child, family support and the cooperation of the school are of great importance in the treatment. Especially cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment method frequently used in this case. Therapies help the child to feel more secure in social environments.
Is Selective Mutism Autism?
It can be confused with autism spectrum disorder, but the two conditions are different. In autism, there are widespread difficulties with social interaction and communication. In this case, the child loses the ability to speak in certain situations. Therefore, a specialist should be consulted for a correct diagnosis.
Who Diagnoses Selective Mutism?
The diagnosis is usually made by a child psychiatrist or psychologist. During the diagnostic process, the child's behaviour in social situations is examined in detail and other possible conditions are excluded.
Differences between Selective Mutism and Shyness
Shyness is usually a temporary condition and children can overcome it over time. They may remain silent for a short time when they enter a new environment, but over time they get over it and can communicate normally. In selective mutism, however, this silence is permanent and becomes a major part of the child's life. Therefore, it is a condition that requires professional assessment and intervention.